A Brief Biography
By Bill Poole
John Winship, the subject of this essay, was the great, great grandson of Edward Winshipp I, born about 1612 in Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, England. During an examination carried out by the mayor and other officials of Newcastle upon Tyne with respect to those of “Puritan activities,” the name of Edward I came up as well as those of other individuals who came to The Massachusetts Bay Colony because of their religious beliefs.1 It was claimed that Edward I sailed for Boston on board the ship Defiance in August, 1635, but the ship’s manifest does not confirm this, the date of her arrival conflicts with the date of his being made a freeman in Cambridge, and the claim has been discredited.2 The name is recorded as both Winshipp and Winship.
Edward I Great, Great Grandfather of John, settled in Cambridge, MA, the called Newtown to distinguish it from Boston proper. He was made a “freeman” of the colony on March 4, 1634/35 and admitted to membership in the Cambridge church. He became a well-respected, and important citizen of Cambridge as well as an extensive land owner.3
He was a Selectman of Cambridge in 1637, 1638, 1642, 1650, 1651, 1662, 1663; Constable in 1643 and 1646; chosen as fence viewer March 11, 1648/49, January 13, 1650/51, March 12, 1654/55, February 10, 1665/66, November 20, 1656, February 15, 1657/58, February 21, 1658/59, March 26, 1666, March 11, 1666/67, and
January 14, 1669/70. He was Surveyor of Highways in 1636 and 1661 and was appoint4ed to many ad hoc town committees.4
He was Deputy for Cambridge to the Massachusetts Bay General Court May 23, 1663, May 18, 1664, August 3, 1664, May 11, 1681, May 24, 1682, May 16, 1683, November 7, 1683, May 7, 1684, May 27, 1685, and May 13, 1686. He became a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company in 1638, was Sergeant by 1642, on May 26, 1647 he was conformed an Ensign and was a Lieutenant by 1660.5
There are many transactions listed in Edward’s name.. In 1638, he purchased the land “commencing at the corner of Brattle and Mason streets, extending to the Cambridge Commons.”6
His land purchases extended beyond the center of Cambridge, to the north and west — to Alewife Meadow, to the west side of so-called “Menotomy River,” later known as Menotomy and then Arlington, MA, around Spy Pond in Menotomy, then to Cambridge Farms, now called Lexington, MA. In Lexington, he owned property on both sides of what was then called the Road to Concord, but is now Massachusetts Avenue. current Busa Farm on Lowell Street in Lexington is thought to have been part of his land.7
Edward I established a sawmill on Mill Creek near Bow Street in Lexington, and may have also established a mill further down the creek at a site where the Old Schwamb Mill now stands in Arlington.8“His land extended from Lowell St. across the brook there, to the hill west of Mass. Ave., upon the present line of Arlington, and including
the mill site, Mount Ephraim, and a part of the Great Meadow.” Mount Ephraim gets its name from Edward I’s son, Ephraim, to whom the land was given by his father.9
Edward I married before 1638 in Cambridge, Jane Wilkinson, daughter of the widow, Isabel Wilkinson. They had five children, all born in Cambridge. 1. Sarah, born April 1638; 2. Mary, born July 2, 1641; 3. Ephraim, born June 29, 1643; 4. Joanna, born August 1, 1645; and 5. Edward, born June 8, 1648, died the same day. Jane died sometime between 1648 and 1651 when Edward I married Elizabeth Park, daughter of Richard Park of Cambridge.10
Edward I and Elizabeth had seven children, all born in Cambridge: 1. Elizabeth, born April 15, 1652; 2. Edward II, born March 4, 1654; 3. Abigail, born February 13, 1656; 4. Samuel I, Great Grandfather of John, the subject of this essay, born October 24, 1658; 5. Joseph, born June 21, 1661; 6. Margery, born December 10, 1664; and 7. Mehitable, born November 14, 1667.11
Edward I died in Cambridge on December 2, 1668 aged 76, and Elizabeth died in Cambridge on September 19, 1690, aged 57. In his will dated September 16, 1685 and probated December 26, 1688. The inventory of his estate totaled £640 12 shillings 9 pence. This was a fairly considerable estate.12
The land he held in what would become Lexington, he distributed to his three sons, Ephraim, Edward and Samuel.
“I do give unto my son Ephraim ye parcel of land whereon his house standeth, both all ye meadow upland which he hath now in his possession.”
“I doe give unto son Edward all my land that lieth on the east side of the broke whereon our sawmilne standeth, except that which I bought of Edward Michellson and twelve acres in my own great meadow.”
“I doe give unto my son Samuel an hundreth acres of land or theirabout some of it be measure by David Fiske about eightie acres upon the west side of Concord way next to his brother Ephraim his line, and another parcel of land upon the east side of Concord way.”13
To his son, Joseph, he gave his land in what would become Arlington, particularly his Alewife Meadowland. In addition to what was given to his sons, bequests were given to his daughters Mary, Elizabeth and Abigail, and his wife Elizabeth. Not mentioned were his two youngest daughters Margery and Mehitabel.14
Elizabeth Parke Winship’s will was dated October 18, 1689, and she died on September 19, 1690 at age 57. The will was probated on October 7, 1690. The estate was valued, minus charges, at £202 19 shillings and 5 pence. Bequests were given to her “three sons Edward. Samuel and Joseph” and her “four daughters Elizabeth, Abigail Margery and Mehitabel.” The property included “3 acres of saltmarsh, 6 acres of land in Charlestown Field, part of a sawmill and out lands.”15
Edward I and Elizabeth were interred together in Cambridge’s Old Burial Ground in Harvard Square. Also buried there are sons, Ephraim, Edward, Samuel and Joseph, and daughters Joanna, Elizabeth and Margery.16
“Here lyes ye body of Lieut.
Edward Winship, who
died December the 2d 1688
& in the 76 year of his age.
Also ye body of Elizabeth
his wife who died the
19 of September 1690.
& in the 58 year of
her age.
The memory of ye just is blessed
Samuel I Great Grandfather of John
Samuel resided in Cambridge Farms and when permission was granted in 1692 to establish a church to service the community, he was a subscriber to fund the building of the meeting house in what would become Lexington center. He along with three others were entrusted with the repair of the meeting house and the installation of galleries. He also contribute in 1711 to purchase the Common. He was Selectman in 1728, 1729, and 1730-1733. He was also chosen to hold the office of Assessor in 1733.17
He married on April 12, 1687 Mary Poulter, born in Billerica April 9, 1665, daughter of John and Rachel Eliot Poulter. They had five children all born in Lexington: 1. Samuel II, Grandfather of John, the subject of this essay, born January 8, 1687/88; 2. Mary, born December12, 1689; 3. Elizabeth, born November 26, 1691; 4. John, birth unrecorded but mentioned in probate papers; and 5. Abigail, birth not recorded but mentioned in probate papers.18
Samuel I died on June 8, 1696 aged 38. On August 3, 1702, his estate was valued at 379 pounds, 11 shillings and 6 pence. At the time all the children were minors and Mary acted as custodians of their inheritances. She married Isaac Powers on April 14, 1701 and Samuel II chose Isaac as his guardian. After Samuel II had reached his maturity, the court ruled on March 14, 1708/98 that the estate was to be divided equally among the five children with Samuel II responsible for the distribution as the other children reached maturity.19
Samuel I was buried in Cambridge’s Old Burial Ground in Harvard Square.
HERE LYES Ye BODY
OF SAMUEL
WINSHIP AGED
ABOUT 37 YEARS
DIED IUNE YE 18
169620
Mary and Isaac Powers had at least eight children. Five are recorded in Lexington: 1. Isaac, baptize August 2, 1702; 2. Jonathan, baptized April 11, 1703; 3. Lucy, baptized April 29, 1705; 4. Gideon, baptized January 5, 1707; and 5. Hannah, baptized March 27, 1709. Isaac and Mary then moved to Littleton, MA where they had three more children: 6. Tryphenia, born May 22, 1711; 7. Ephraim, birthdate unknow, and 8. Mary, birth date unknown.21
Isaac Powers was Captain of the Littleton Militia, was one of the incorporators of the town and moderator of the first town meeting. He was representative to the general assembly and Colonial agent for conveying lands. Why he was in Lexington during the period that he and Mary had their children is puzzling.22
Isaac Jr., Mary and Isaac’s first child died at age 29 and is buried in Littleton’s Old Burying Ground with a long and touching inscription.
Here lyes the body of Isaac Powers
One of the sweet and pleasant flowers
Who in his lifetime lived well
But God did toll his mournful bell
Let this be a call unto the rest
When God does take from us ye best
Who was a pattern to us all
But God can give a louder call
All earthly parents now behold
The price of Grace is more than Gold
Prepare to meet your children first
At the Resurrection of the Just
Who Died December 15th 1729
in the 29th year of his age23
Isaac Sr. died in 1743 and Mary moved back to Lexington where she died on October 2, 1745. Isaac was buried in the Power Family Cemetery in Littleton.
Power Family Cemetery on the Walter Power farm. Several generations were buried here before the farm went out of family hands and was purchased by the Reed brothers. To the horror of the community, the Reeds plowed over the old burying ground in 1850, using the surviving tombstones to build a fence and leaving no trace of the graves. There was no law at that time about desecrating graves.24
I have not found the Grave of Mary Poulter Winship Powers.
Samuel II Grandfather of John
Samuel II was High Sheriff of Middlesex County and it would be interesting to find some of his activities in that position. He married first, Jane Fessenden, born April 22, 1687/88, daughter of Nicholas and Margaret Cheney Fessenden. They had three children: 1. Samuel III, father of John, born September 19, 1712; 2. Martha, born December 27, 1714; and 3. Margaret, born December 25, 1718.25
An interesting entry in the Lexington Vital Records under the Winship family reads, “Ruth, “a child that Samuel Winship took to bring up,” born July 11, 1724, baptized April 18, 1742.26
Samuel II married secondly, Mrs. Lydia Bowman-Simonds-Cutler, widow of Thomas Cutler and daughter of Francis and Lydia Stone Bowman. They had no children. Samuel II died in Lexington on February 13, 1776 and Lydia was buried on April 18, 1790, but I have not yet found their graves.27
Samuel II died intestate and his estate was valued at 742 pounds 13 shillings and 8 pence. On December 31, 1776, the final reckoning subtracting debts and charges was 601 pounds 15 shillings and 4 pence. The estate was left principally to his son Samuel III who was to pay his sisters Martha and Margaret, a portion of the inheritance.28
Although the graves of Samuel and Lydia have not been locate, that of Jane Fessenden is in Lexington’s Old Burying Ground for which no picture is, as of yet, available.
The inscription taken from Francis H. Brown’s Epitaphs in the Old Burying-Grounds reads:
Here Lyes Buried ye Body
of Mrs. JANE WINSHIP
Wife to Mr. SAMUEL
Winship Who Departed
This Life May 2d 1758
Aged 70 Years29
Samuel III, Father of John
The home and lands of Samuel III were located along today’s Massachusetts Avenue, then known as the County Road to Cambridge. The properties were located in East Lexington near the Menotomy line. The Bicentennial map of the Battle of Lexington shows Mount Ephraim, named for Ephraim Winship, as well as the Winship Mill and the home of Samuel Winship, however with the Winship name misspelled as “Winsine.”
Samuel III married first Hannah Loring, daughter of Joseph and Lydia Fiske Loring. They had six children, All born in Lexington: 1. Hannah, born April 26, 1736; 2 Lydia, born May 23, 1740; 3. Elizabeth, born May 23, 1740; 4. Martha, born May 12, 1742, died January 8, 1746 age 3 years 8 months; 5. Samuel, born April 17, 1744; and 6. Loring, born December 6, 1746, died May 11, 1754 age 7.30
Hannah died on November 4, 1747, leaving Samuel III with six young children. He then married at Billerica on May 5, 1748, Abigail Crosby, born June 5, 1717, daughter of Lieutenant Simon and Abigail Kidder Crosby. They had five children, all born at Lexington: 1. Simon, born November 2, 1749; 2. John, born January 15, 1752, died April 7, 1754, age 2 years and almost three months; 3. John, the subject of this essay, born May 12, 1754; 4. Stephen, born February 23, 1756; and Abigail, born May 18, 1759.31
Abigail died on January 12, 1771, and Samuel III married thirdly on July 4, 177, Rebecca Johnson of Lynn, who died on December 10, 1790 surviving Samuel III who died on November4, 1784. Samuel III made out a will on November 10, 1779. He had been in declining health, subject to occasional “fits” and demonstrating confusion with respect his business affairs and exchanges of money. His will was a bit rambling and by his own admission some of the items were in the incorrect order. He castigated his daughter Abigail saying, “She has displeased me and acted an undutiful part in some particulars” and “had displeased him in marrying and other ways.”
He had given his son, Simon, the mill, malt house and ¼ acre of land when Simon had been ill and this had given him “great advantages over his other children.” Now that Simon had recovered and also had received half of his grandfather’s estate “he had no mind to give him further advantages by dying without a will.”
He had nominated his eldest son Samuel, as executor, but Samuel died and Stephen, the youngest son became the new executor. Some of the heirs challenged the will, particularly Simon and Stephen, and succeeded in having it nullified. The estate was evaluated at 660 pounds 4 shillings and 11 pence. The 6 surviving children as well as the three daughters of Samuel Jr. ,who was deceased, each received varying sums. Then, when the widow Rebecca died, her widows third was similarly divided.32
I have not yet found the graves of Samuel II, Hannah or Rebecca.
John Winship
On the morning of April 19, 1775, John, age 20, stood on Lexington Common as a member of Captain Parker’s Company. In the same formation was his third cousin, Thomas Winship,. The nervousness of the militiamen was evident as they anxiously awaited the arrival of the British expeditionary force bound for Concord. The advance guard of the Regulars hurriedly moved between the Meeting House and Buckman’s Tavern and rushed upon the Common to face off against the wavering militia.
When the British charged bayonets, Captain Parker gave the order to leave the Common. Some heard him and turned to leave, others distracted by the riotous clamor of the British troops perhaps did not hear and remained in their places. Suddenly, a shot rang out, followed by a scattered volley from the Regulars and then a deadly second volley that struck among the militia.
Some of the Lexington men were killed instantly; others who were severely wounded succumbed to British Bayonets. Those of the wounded capable of movement, John’s cousin Thomas among them, fled to safety. In addition to John and his cousin Thomas, there were other members of the Winship family involved in the events of April 19th. John’s brother, Simon, left an account of what he had experienced.
Simon Winship, of Lexington, in the County of Middlesex, and Province of Massachusetts-Bay, in New England, being of lawful age, testifies and saith that on the nineteenth of April instant, about four o’clock in the morning, as he was passing the publick road in said Lexington, peaceable and unarmed, about two miles and a half distant from the meeting house, in said Lexington, he was met by a body of the King’s Regular Troops, and being stopped by some officers of said Troops, was commanded to dismount. Upon asking why he must dismount, he was obliged by force to quit his horse, and ordered to march in the midst of the body; and being examined whether he had been warning the Minute-Men, he answered no, but had been out, and was then returning to his father’s. Said Winship further testifies that he marched with said Troops until he came within about half a quarter of a mile of said meeting-house, where an officer commanded the Troops to halt, and then prime and load. This being done, the said Troops marched on till they came within a few rods of Captain Parker’s Company, who were partly collected on the place of parade, when said Winship observed an officer at the head of said Troops flourishing his sword, and with a loud voice giving the word fire; which was instantly followed by a discharge of arms from said Regular Troops. And said Winship is positive, and in the John’s first cousin, Jason Winship Jr. was a victim of one of the most horrendous occurrences of that day. Jason, age 45 and Jabez Wyman his brother-in-law, married to Jason’s sister, Lydia were drinking in Cooper’s Tavern in Menotomy when the Regulars first fired upon the building, then entered an killed the two men.33
“A member of one of the oldest families in the town, Jason Winship, 45, a cousin of Mrs. Jason Russell, was spreading the glad tidings of a special family event. Winship’s first wife had died in child-bed, four more of his children had died at birth and now, at last, the family had its first son, and he was to be baptized this coming Sabbath. Jason had met with his Brother-in-law, Jabez Wyman of Woburn, to toast the coming event. Tavern keeper Benjamin Cooper had prepared a festive drink, flip, made with egg, sugar, and spices. Wyman, though he had a long ride home with the news of the christening, told Winship: “Let us finish the mug, they won’t come yet.” But the redcoats were hurrying, and they did come. The tavern keeper and his wife, who managed to escape to the cellar, told how a hundred bullets suddenly tore through the tavern and enraged troops rushed in. The Coopers said: “The two aged (sic) gentlemen were most barbarously and inhumanely murdered by them, being stabbed through in many places, their heads mangled, skulls broke, and their brains out on the floor and walls of the house.”34
Marker at intersection of Massachusetts Avenue and Medford Street in Arlington, MA35
John had considerable service In the military following the action of Lexington Common. The following entries are from Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War.
Volume 17 p. 625
WINSHIP, JOHN, Lexington. Private in a detachment from Lexington militia co. commanded by Capt. John Parker; service 5 days; detachment reported on command at Cambridge from May 6 to May 10, by order of Committee of Safety.
WINSHIP, JOHN, Lexington. List of men belonging to Capt. John Wood’s co. who took the oath in Middlesex Co. May 27, 1775, required by Congress to be taken by the Mass. army; also, Capt. Wood’s co., Col. Samuel Gerrish’s regt.; return of the sick and absent, dated Medford, Aug. 10, 1775; also, Sergeant, Capt. Wood’s (5th) co., Lieut Col. Loammi Baldwin’s (late Col. Gerrish’s) 38th (also given 37th) regt.; abstract for wages from Aug. 1, 1775, dated camp at Medford, Sept. 1, 1775; also, pay abstract for Sept., 1775; receipt for amount of abstract dated Chelsea, Oct. 31, 1775, and signed by Capt. Wood; also, company return [probably Oct., 1775]; also, receipt of money in lieu of bounty coat dated Medford, Dec. 28, 1775; also, list of recruits for the new establishment in Col. Baldwin’s regt., approved by Brig. Gen. W. Heath in camp at Cambridge, Dec. 30, 1775; Capt. Wood’s co.; also, Sergeant, Capt. John Wood’s co., Col. Baldwin’s regt.; pay abstracts for Feb. and Mar. 1776; also, same co. and regt. pay abstract for April, 1776, dated New York; also, same co. and regt. pay abstract for May, 1776; also, same co. and regt. Pay abstract for June, 1776, dated New York; also, receipt given to Capt. John Wood, dated Ridgefield, Dec 30, 1776, signed by said Winship for wages for service in said Wood’s co., 26th regt., sauce money and travel allowance; also, Capt. Wood’s co., Col. Baldwin’s (26th) regt.; pay abstract for travel allowance, etc., for the year 1776, sworn to in Middlesex Co.; reported discharged 230 miles from home; also, Ensign, Col. Wesson’s regt.; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. 1, 1777 to April 3, 1778; also, Ensign, Capt. Nathan Dix’s co., Col. James Wesson’s (9th) regt.; return made up for the year 1777; residence, Lexington; engaged for town of Lexington; also, same co. and regt.; return of men who were in camp on or before Aug, 1777, etc., approved April 9, 1779 ; reported resigned April 3, 1778; also, list of officers belonging to 9th Mass. regt. who died or were discharged subsequent to Jan., 1777, as certified by Col. J. Wesson, dated West Point, Sept 12, 1779, reported resigned April 3, 1778.36
The first entry refers to Captain Parker leading a detachment of 25 men to support the beginning of the siege of Boston. The second, lengthy entry shows that John was a member of a company commanded by Captain John Wood of Woburn, comprised mostly of men from Woburn and Lexington, that took part in the siege of Boston through December 1775. Wood’s company became part of Lieutenant Colonel Loammi Baldwin’s 38th regiment and John was promoted to sergeant. In January, 1776, when the forces around Boston were reorganized and taken into the Continental service, John enlisted as sergeant in Colonel Baldwin’s 26th Massachusetts Regiment of the Continental Army.
After the British evacuation of Boston, the 26th marched to New London, Connecticut where they boarded ships to carry them to New York to defend that city from an expected British attack. The 26th did not play a part in the Battle of Long Island, but as part of Colonel John Glover’s brigade they helped twice to save Washington’s army from being cut off during the retreat from Manhattan. In one of these engagements, at Pell’s Point, Glover’s brigade of 750 men single-handedly held off a force of 4,000 British and German troops attempting to flank the American army and cut off their retreat to White Plains. The brigade fought all day, inflicting perhaps between 800 and 1,000 enemy casualties. The commander of the British force, Sir Henry Clinton, reported that he had been facing 14,000 Americans at Pell’s Point. General Howe then delayed any further advance for another two days giving Washington time to extricate his army and fortify White Plains. Washington in his general orders commended Glover’s brigade for their bravery, and urged other units to follow their example.
The 26th Regiment next played an important role in the Battle of White Plains, following which as part of General Charles Lee’s division (later commanded by John Sullivan following Lee’s capture) they marched from White Plains to General Washington’s camp on the Delaware River just above Trenton, New Jersey. The 26th was part of the force that Washington led across the Delaware River on Christmas Eve, 1776 to carry out the surprise attack on Trenton. During that battle Colonel Glover’s brigade was credited with cutting off the retreat of the Hessian garrison helping to force their surrender. Like the rest of the Continental regiments, the term of enlistment of the 26th was due to expire the last day of December, 1776. Washington was faced with the prospect of seeing his entire army evaporate before his eyes, and he begged the veterans of the Continental Line to stay with him for a few more weeks. However, most just wanted to go home. Colonel Baldwin left, and Colonel Glover took his entire regiment of Marbleheaders home. Only about half of the members of the Continental Line, some 1,200 men agreed to stay on for ninety more days, and John Winship was among them.
Later, when Washington slipped his army around the British flank to attack Princeton, what remained of the 26th now under the command of Major Isaac Sherman of Connecticut was given the honor of leading the army. The 26th did not take part in the most bitter part of the fighting at Princeton, but they were among those who at the close of the battle chased the Regulars out of town. Following the battle, the army took up winter quarters in Morristown, New Jersey,
In 1777, the remnants of the 21st and 26th Continental Regiments were consolidated to from the 9th Massachusetts Regiment under the command of Colonel James Wesson, and John was commissioned an Ensign. During 1777, the 9th Massachusetts took part in the Siege of Fort Stanwick (August 2 to August 22), the Battle of Saratoga (September 19 to October 7), and was at Valley Forge during the winter of 1777-78. On April 3, 1778 John resigned his commission.
John returned to Lexington where he married Deliverance Munroe, daughter of Marrett and Deliverance Parker Munroe. The date of the marriage may not have been recorded. John and Deliverance had seven children, all born in Lexington: 1. John, born December 28, 1779; 2. Stephen, born July 15, 1782; 3. Charles, born June 30, 1784; 4. Sally, born July 23, 1786; 5. Polly, born April 26, 1788; 6. Henry, born June 28, 1790; and 7. Magus, born August 4, 1793.37
John died on October 9, 1882 in West Cambridge (now Arlington) on October 9, 1822 aged 62. Deliverance died in West Cambridge on February 16, 1838 aged 82. In the probate records, John was described as a “victualer” Deliverance was the executor, but his estate was not described or evaluated.38
Footnotes
1Anderson, Robert Charles, The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England 1634-!635, seven volumes Volume VII T-Y, Great Migration Study Project, New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, 2011, Volume VII, T-Y, pp. 487-88.
2 https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winship-9
3Anderson, op. cit., p. 481.
4Ibid., pp. 481-82.
5Ibid., p. 482.
6Cole, Ernest B., The Winship Family in America, Indianapolis,, Ind., November, 1905. P. 4. 7Anderson, op. cit., pp. 482-84; https://busafarmnews.wordpress.com/farm-history/colonial-times/; 8https://busafarmnews.wordpress.com/farm-history/colonial-times/
9Hudson, Charles, History of the Town of Lexington from First Settlement to 1868 Revised and Continued to 1912 by the Lexington Historical Society, in Two Volumes, Boston and New York, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1912, Volume II, Genealogies, p. 763.
10Ibid, pp. 763-64.
11Ibid., p. 764.
12Middlesex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1648—1871, Volume Middlesex Cases 24000-25999, pages 25278:1-25278:6 at https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/middlesex-county-ma-probate-file-papers 1648-1871/image?volumeId=14469&pageName=25278:1&rId=38449168
13Ibid.
14Ibid.
15Ibid., pages 25282:1-25282:3.
16https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/8237936/edward-winship
17Hudson, Genealogies, op. cit., p. 765.
18Ibid.
19Middlesex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1648—1871, Volume Middlesex Cases 24000-25999, pages 25326:1-25326:12.
20https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/20859178/samuel-winship
21https://ma-vitalrecords.org/MA/Middlesex/Lexington/Images/Lexington_B061.shtml; Littleton, MA, Vital Records of Littleton, Massachusetts, First Installment, Births and Deaths, Littleton, MA, Printed by the Town, 1900, pp. 401-02.
22https://www.anamericanfamilyhistory.com/Powers%20Family/PowersIsaac1665.html; Power, Walter, and Amos H. Power, Compiler, The Powers Family; A Genealogical and Historical Record of Walter Power and Some of His Descendants to the Ninth Generation, Chicago, Curtis Printing Company, 1884, pp. 14-15. 23https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16532436/isaac-powers
24https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2488240/power-burying-ground
25Hudson , Genealogies, op. cit., p. 767.
26Vital Records of Lexington, MA at https://ma
vitalrecords.org/MA/Middlesex/Lexington/Images/Lexington_B089.shtml
27Hudson, Genealogies, op. cit., p. 767.
28Middlesex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1648—1871, Volume Middlesex Cases 24000-25999, pages 25328:1-25328:29.
29Brown, Francis H., M.D., A Copy of Epitaphs in The Old Burying-Grounds of Lexington, Massachusetts, Lexington, MA, The Lexington Historical Society, 1905, p. 167.
30Hudson, Genealogies, op. cot., p. 770
31Ibid., p. 771.
32Middlesex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1648—1871, Volume Middlesex Cases 24000-25999, pages 25331:1-35331:43
33Kehoe, Vincent J.R., “We Were There April 19, 1775 The American Rebels,” Self-Published, January 1, 1975,“ p.83.
34https://www.wyman.org/showmedia.php?mediaID=7108
35https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=18137
36Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War, A compilation from the Archives Prepared and Published by the Secretary of the Commonwealth in Accordance with Chapter 100, Resolves of 1891, Boston, Wright & Potter, 1896-1908, Volume 17, p. 675.
37Hudson, Genealogies, op. cit., p.773. 38Middlesex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1648—1871, Volume Middlesex Cases 24000-25999, Pages 25301:1-25301:4; Vital Records of Arlington at https://ma-vitalrecords.org/MA/Middlesex/Arlington/